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Tuesday, August 14, 2007
Beach Blanket Bioethics 2007
Lori Andrews, the hardest working scholar in bioethics, has, for the second year in a row, published a bioethics-themed thriller. Which means it’s time for “Beach Blanket Bioethics,” Bioethics Forum’s annual summer round-up of vacation reading that counts as work.
In The Silent Assassin (St. Martin’s/Minotaur, 2007), Andrews’s sleuth, geneticist Alexandra (Alex) Blake, a civilian employee at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), is assigned to identify “trophy skulls” confiscated from GIs during the Vietnam war and scheduled to be returned to the Vietnamese government. While attempting to extract DNA from the skulls, Blake finds evidence of a war crime corresponding to eyewitness accounts (contained, we are told, in a database at Chicago-Kent College of Law, where Andrews teaches). True to the genre, she also discovers connections between past and present crimes, uncovers hidden agendas deep inside Washington, takes a quick trip overseas, nearly gets killed more than once, makes a few scientific breakthroughs, and rescues a Very Important Person. All this seems to happen in about a week. Andrews has sent Blake’s musician boyfriend on tour (see page three for their, um, farewell scene), but she still lives in a former beauty parlor, décor intact.
Andrews keeps the plot moving and the beauty-parlor-digs quirkiness to a minimum, while once again using fiction to explore the ethical dimensions of biobanking, through the analysis of the desecrated skulls themselves and through the blood samples of the impoverished Vietnamese villagers who line up to help the Americans identify these victims of the “American” war so the spirits of the dead may rest. Andrews also conveys something – to this nonscientist, at least – of the way scientists think, how they may experience beauty, elegance, awe: Alex taps her fingers in genetic sequences (ATTCG for the CF gene) and has “almost a religious experience” gazing at her sequencer, being “this close to someone’s essence.”
In a June 22 op-ed in the New York Times, Andrews describes the six nonfictional Vietnamese “trophy skulls” at the nonfictional AFIP, whose staff has been responsible for conducting DNA and other forensic analysis of remains from 9/11 victims and from the Iraq war. She calls on a certain nonfictional Very Important Person to return them.
For more summer reading recommendations, I turned to my own panel of experts: a poet, two editors, a designer, a mystery novelist, and a bookseller. Here were the rules of the game:
1. Fiction.
2. Something to do with bioethics, as this term is understood by English majors.
3. Something you can imagine someone reading on a beach.
Here are their picks and comments:
Contemporary genre and other fiction:
Ann Benson, Physician's Tale, The Burning Road, and The Plague Tales: “A trilogy about medieval plague and its reemergence in the near future.”
Barbara Ehrenreich, Kipper's Game: “Yes, that Barbara Ehrenreich. Computer whiz creates a perfect game that connects with the brain’s pleasure center.”
Diana Gabaldon’s Outlander series: “A nurse (and later physician) gets caught in a time warp and ends up in 18th-century Scotland (don't ask), where she makes her own penicillin.”
Lynn Hightower, When Secrets Die: “Organ donors, tissue banks, and informed consent.”
James Rollins, Black Order: “Nazi eugenics, quantum physics, evolution, and DNA manipulation.”
Classic science fiction:
Stanislaw Lem, Solaris: “There's an epic and nearly indecipherable film of it by the great Andrei Tarkovsky.”
H.G. Wells, The Time Machine: “I had no idea H.G. Wells was such a polemicist until I read this to my son recently.”
Classic fiction, unhappy families division:
George Eliot, Middlemarch (two votes): “Research physician’s ideals give way to marital and social pressures.”
Somerset Maugham, The Painted Veil: “Infectious-disease specialist gives unfaithful wife a choice: divorce, or combating cholera epidemic in China.”
Anthony Trollope, He Knew He Was Right: “Husband’s mental illness destroys an upper-middle-class household in mid-19th England.”
Happy reading, and don’t forget the sunblock.
Comments are sent to the forum moderator. Select responses may be posted.
A Phony 'War on Science'
Michael Gerson, Washington Post
“In their talk of a Republican war on science, liberals may be blinding themselves to a very different kind of modern war in which their own ideals are deeply implicated: a war on equality.”
It’s Not Immoral to Want to be Immortal
Arthur Caplan, MSNBC
“Despite a lot of hand-wringing and finger-pointing, it is not obvious that wanting to live a lot longer is evil or immoral.”
Science Is Leading Us to More Answers, but It's Also Misleading Us
David A. Shaywitz, Washington Post
“Consumers of scientific information must balance the hope we place in global biology with the skepticism this field has surely earned.”
Taking the Scary out of Breast Cancer Stats
Carol Tavris and Avrum Bluming, LA Times
“The media understand how deeply women fear breast cancer, and the result is that every study that seems to find a link between some new risk factor and the disease makes headlines everywhere.”
Dollars to Doughnuts Diagnosis
Albert Fuchs, LA Times
“Insurance doesn't make routine care affordable; it makes it more expensive by adding a middleman.”
Tainted Medicine
Jerome P. Kassirer, LA Times
“Disclosure of financial ties may give a scientist or researcher a clean conscience, but that doesn't erase the possibility of a conflict.”
Children's health can't be left to faith alone
Arthur Caplan, MSNBC
“Parents do not have the right to watch a child wither away while they pray.”
Transplant List Numbers Raise Doubts
Arthur Caplan, MSNBC
“The American people have a right to expect absolute honesty about the number of people waiting for a transplant at any time.”
An Epidemic No One Wants to Talk About
Robert E. Fullilove et al., Washington Post
“Simply put, we will never rid the United States of HIV and other STDs if our only weapon is medical treatment.”
Making Cells Like Computers
Erik Parens, Boston Globe
“Conceivably, we are on the verge of installing synthetic genomes in bacterial cells to create products we want. But we are still a long, long way from doing what most people mean by ‘synthesizing life.’”
Miracle Workers?
David Rieff, New York Times Magazine
“Even today, the oldest of all relations between patient and physician — that of supplicant to shaman — continues to exert its authority.”
Overselling Overmedication
Judith Warner, NYTimes.com
“Most of the critics decrying the over-medicalization of the American mind rest their arguments upon the bedrock assumption that people who have nothing wrong with them are being medicated for largely fictitious concerns.”
Ads Spur Urge for Drugs
David Lazarus, LA Times
“DTC advertising has turned prescription drugs into just another gotta-have-it consumer product.”
Food Politics, Half-Baked
James E. McWilliams, New York Times
“Lost in this rhetorical battle was a quiet middle ground where the benefits and drawbacks of genetically engineered crops were responsibly considered.”
Perpetrating the Autism Myth
Benjamin Kruskal and Carole Allen, Boston Globe
“The scientific evidence is clear: neither the MMR vaccine nor thimerosal (mercury) in vaccines has any relationship to autism.”
Closing the Barn Door After the Cows Have Gotten Out
Verlyn Klinkenborg, New York Times
“The real beneficiaries are the nation’s large meatpacking companies — the kind that would like it best if chickens grew in the shape of nuggets.”
Human Embryos Cloned: What Does It Mean?
Art Caplan, MSNBC
“Let's not be frightened by scare tactics into not funding research that may be the key to curing what is currently incurable.”
Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell Is Bad Policy for Cloned Food
Art Caplan, MSNBC
“All of this fear-mongering about clones has made Americans forget that cloning is nothing more than artificially creating twins.”